Anna Dumitriu

"The MRSA Quilt" tells the story of MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) research and diagnosis through a textile work stained with MRSA bacteria (grown on chromogenic agar) as it undergoes a number of commonly used tests. The final work has been autoclaved and made safe. Made in collaboration with Dr John Paul, Dr James Price and Rosie Sedgwick. There is huge gap between the public’s understanding of the issue of hospital acquired pathogens or ‘superbugs’ as the press describe them. MRSA is a mutated form of Staphylococcus aureus which is part of our normal bacterial flora and thought to be carried by around 25% of the population (this figure could potentially be much higher as it may simply be that our testing methods are flawed). MRSA has acquired genes which mean that it can withstand treatment with Methicillin based antibiotics. However Vancomycin is usually still effective. MRSA is not only acquired from hospitals, there is also community acquired MRSA. In hospitals patients are more susceptible to infections if they are immune compromised or have operation woulds hence the risk of MRSA there. Patients are routinely tested. However transmission vectors (how the bug moves from person to person) are not properly understood and the Modernising Medical Microbiology Project is now using whole genome mapping of bacteria to try to understand far more about this important factor.

The spa gene (surface protein A gene) of the Staphylococcus aureus (non MRSA) found to be living in Dumitriu’s nose is:

GCACCAAAAGAGGAAGACAACAACAAGCCTGGTAAAGAAGACGGCAACAAACCTGGTAAAGAAGACAACAAAAAACCTGGCAAAGAAGACGGCAACAAACCTGGTAAAGAAGACAACAAAAAACCTGGTAAAGAAGACAACAACAAAMCTGGTAAAGAAGACGGCAACAAGCCTGGTAAAGAAGACAACAAAAAACCTGGTAAAGAAGACGGCAACAAACCTGGTAAAGAAGACAACAAAAAACCTGGTAAAGAAGACGGCAACGGAGTACATGTCGT


Looking at the spa gene is a typing method for Staphylococcus aureus, Dumitriu colonised with is spa type t015, which corresponds to sequence type ST45 (not the most common type seen in hospitals).

By making her colonisation with Staphylococcus aureus explicit, Dumitriu is demonstrating the gap between the media’s presentation of this bug and the scientific reality. The point being we are colonised by a huge number of bacteria, many of which are integral to our well-being. The science behind this work is revealing that there is a far greater story to be told than the “dirty hospitals” rhetoric of the press and Dumitriu’s work offers a way in to the story for many people who would otherwise have no access to it. Quilts are a traditional way of passing down stories. Dumitriu’s MRSA project continues and on 14th March 2012 Dumitriu ran a MRSA/MSSA quilt making workshop at the Biomedical Research Open Day as part of Oxford Science Festival.